Blank Australia Acrostic Poem

The brain web browsers

A biophysical Uruguay received the award for best article of 2008 by an international magazine specialized. There establishing similarities between memory and the search engines. Fruitful interview the scientist: the human brain and artificial, basic science and technology, science as a structure.

El Pais, Montevideo. August 10, 2009 ANA COUNTRY



In each click, search engines like Google, Yahoo and Altavista track information in a manner similar to memory. Scientist Uruguayan Eduardo Mizrahi was awarded for discovering the formal parallelism.

"It was not sought," on account of the biophysical research entitled "Neural memories and search engines (Models of reports and search engines), which this month won the award for best article of 2008 of the International Journal of General Systems. Mizrahi reached a novel conclusion studying two different topics, among which ended up finding a close link.

On the one hand, the scientific team that includes Mizrachi at the Faculty of Science at the University of the Republic investigates how the system nervous looking information, including linguistics. "is a structure that means that when you read what you represent in your mind as ideas and geographical settings, how a text description lit images. It's great that the brain does and what is beyond our grasp" , says Mizrahi.

In fact, while science has data on how the neurons-brain cells-major, is still a mystery how they interact produce ideas, store information, are able to generate culture or creativity. "We know a lot about neurons, but neural networks constitute a difficult technical challenge " says biophysicist.

On the other hand, Mizrachi and equipment for the power it became important to improve web searches to access the world's scientific research. According to Mizrahi, " the complexity of information networks (like the web) becomes dramatic theme of finding information in them " . Last year Google just came to a trillion web sites that you can address your users.
" rubber car "and " tire " exemplifies Mizrahi, have letters very different structures, but the same thing. Therefore, "We realized that engineers had to find techniques for making web searches that conceptualize and thematic relatedness seek documents dealing with the same subjects, but with different vocabularies or approaches" says biophysicist.
He adds: "That led us to realize that those who solved these problems were at the bottom approaching the same problem that solves the brain .

late nineteenth century mathematicians created the matrices and vectors without thinking of any particular application. However, these constructions were instrumental in the 70 to neuroscience: it became a way of exploring the insights that exist about how the brain stores information.
"Mathematicians have invented an instrument that allowed the ideas you might have on neural networks, the could put in terms of matrix models. And once you do a mathematical model, then you have some sort of machine logic, is mathematics itself, that helps you draw conclusions and evaluate your idea " , has Mizrahi.

So as we began to apply the matrices and vectors to understand memory, engineers programmed web browsers also realized that these were ideal mathematical tools to track information on the sites.
"The transparent way in which engineers create the search engine on the net, helping us to understand in part how we seek information in our memory networks. And while the models of how the brain keeps track of your memories data, can help reshape the network and for engineers to generate more targeted search engines to their targets " , says Mizrahi, ending what for him is a false opposition between science and technology.

Historically these two worlds have competed for the prominence to state budgets. But Mizrahi "the emphasis on the development of basic sciences unexpected promotes technological innovation. And conversely, the latter impact on basic sciences, providing techniques that did not previously have and push them forward. Instead of having competition so there is symbiosis, as biologists say " .

Another example of feedback comes from what is known as ballistic moving target . Mizrahi engineering that war was that fast computers too long delayed process the position of an aircraft and anticipate its future location to shoot from the ground. While, on the contrary, "a bird of prey with its tiny brain manages to solve the problem in seconds because he knows how to anticipate the position of his prey" says biophysicist.
"The bird is not counted as an intelligent, but is stored in memory of their common trends and associates pursued a motion with the following" continues. While neurons are slow compared to a computer processor, to work in parallel achieve higher efficiency. According to Mizrahi, "engineers realized that what the animals were resolved and basic scientists were modeled, was just what I needed to solve difficult engineering problems " .

" Scientists do basic things that we have not really clear what serve. We know the cultural desire and understanding behind it, but we can not say what will help the country. But the kind of cultural building that makes a basic scientist is what the mind of a brilliant engineer turned on the construction of innovative technology " said Eduardo Mizrahi.

The biophysical account in the Faculty of dictating a course of neural networks, in which more than half are engineering students. "They know what we do not mean all uses technology that is taking basic science," says . A historical example is Tim Berners-Lee, considered the father of the web. This physical fact that their creation was inspired by the brain and a grandmother's book called Enquire Within upon Everything (Consulting and above all), whose title is very explicit about the range of subjects.

editorial in the August issue of International Journal of General Systems, was announced the winner for best article 2008 was the Uruguayan Eduardo Mizrahi. The publication is in press, says biophysicist, a test by which all discovery must pass. For him, "unlike art, where the artist is unique and has a talent that is not confronted with other, science, science is almost no individuality. If there were no (Albert) Einstein, it is almost sure that the theory of relativity would have appeared more or less around that time. Science is like a structure in which humans are its workers. It is so collectively and internally controlled, until the imagination is subject to confrontation with evidence ".


We invite you to make your comments here

How Long Does It Take Sleepeze To Work

Perspectives on Violence Should

Ana Palacios

Ñ, October 17, 2009

daily insecurity of international conflicts, violence has ceased to be hidden. Two recent books examine, from philosophy and psychoanalysis, the paradox is raised as a solution generating responses to combat the very thing.
social violence, gender violence, criminal violence, discursive violence. All spheres of life are surrounded by a phenomenon that if something has been lost finally today is its hidden. His presence is felt in all sorts of social unrest in private criminal acts, the daily insecurity and international conflicts. Means multiply it to infinity and the speeches that try to fight it, question it or even understand it end in a kind of tautology that says more about who states that on the very subject of reflection.

is possible that one of the central problems of all thinking about violence rests, as noted by the philosopher and psychoanalyst Slavoj Zizek (Slovenia, 1949) in his book Six marginal reflections " in direct confrontation with it produces something inherently disconcerting in the observer and that this confusion is to pivot the same horror that causes violent action and immediate empathy with the victims. Thus, it would require a first distance to allow a dispassionate conceptual analysis and away from the initial traumatic impact. However, in this context should not all move in the cold grasp of the facts, because you can not ignore the testimony of victims provides an element of truth that can not be obtained otherwise. The testimony of a raped woman, says Žižek, becomes true in part because his confusion, his inconsistency and their emotions. So what is appropriate to try an approach to the problem of violence is for him to separate the subjective violence exerted by an agent on a victim-targets two types of violence: violence "symbolic" embodied in language and its forms, it has to do with the imposition of a universe of meaning and violence "system that is inherent in the system, which includes not only direct physical violence but also the more subtle forms of coercion imposed relations of domination and exploitation, including the threat of violence " . In this sense, systemic violence, he says, as the famous "dark matter" of physics, the counterpart of the visible subjective violence, but which can not analyze what otherwise would seem to be " irrational explosions of subjective violence " .

What Zizek, with acute awareness of the manipulations and ideological movements shows is that if approached from a liberal tolerant attitude, a massive and absolute opposition to violence from its most brutal, as the mass murder, to the expressions ideological violence, like racism, hatred or sexual discrimination, it is at less suspicious and symptomatic. It is as if the stress on the scandal and was working urgently to hide or divert for more comprehensive reflection of the phenomenon of systemic violence of capitalism. From here you can interpret more subtle movements and attitudes of the "new co-Munist liberal" whose icons would be Bill Gates and George Soros. They lead an army of pragmatic liberal-tions for whom it is only concrete problems to be solved: poverty in Africa, the situation of women in Islam or the religious fundamentalist violence. The key to this position is that to solve these problems are needed media and, consequently, to be taken before and, given the experience of failure of collectivism or statism, you can only rely on private initiative. This is an aspect that confirms how the attack on the subjective violence obscures the fact that it is the very system that produces it.

At the other end of the rope ideology is also necessary to account for religious or fundamentalist violence and suicide attacks has become a major source of death worldwide. This alternation of violence and counter-measure gives just a vicious circle where it generates the very thing we are fighting. These attacks are carried out on behalf of a given absolute sense by religion. We can say that their aim is to Western lifestyle that is based on modern science. A science that the West was built over the centuries and which faced the east so abrupt, giving them no choice but to erect "the shield of fundamentalism, this restatement psychotic, delusional and incestuous understanding of religion as direct divine reality, with all the horrific consequences of such an assertion implies " .

However, culmi-nating point of his argument of Zizek reached in the analysis of the blasts in the suburbs of Paris in 2005. Compared with the May 68 riots, the first thing that jumps out is his total lack of any prospect. There was no specific demands, but "only resistance in the recognition, based on a vague and inarticulate resentment . What results then is an act of violent protest that demands nothing and rejects the hermeneutic intention of finding a hidden meaning or deep. Here we are in the more specific topic of postmodernism, the "crisis of meaning" , ie the disintegration of the link between truth and a sense that modernity held in the dialectic established between religion and science. This violence is a "Passage to act" , an impulsive movement to the action that can not be translated into speech or thought. Is in any case, a collective message that reaffirms their presence in the act of pure violence, resulting in a social fear that a collapse of the structure is consumed at any time.

is precisely in this lack of sense and reason where anchor, from a psychoanalytic perspective Silvia Ons in his book "Violence / s" which highlights the proliferation and ubiquity, the multiplication of violence that manifests itself not only in the daily tragedies, but, especially, in the way that modern man has to interpret the world. Argentina author emphasizes the disappearance of borders and the emergence of violence that have no strategies: "Devoid of ideological frames, without the old frames that could notionally give a reason, results in the current violence, violence itself " . Thus it is seen not only in the attack on the similar, both the criminal and politically, but she looks back to the subject itself and the proliferation of accidents and child abuse and juvenile overflow.

opposed to the violence of the nineteenth century, whose foundations were questioned Benjamin in "For a critique of violence" (for the just and unjust, legitimacy or illegitimacy in the first mo-ral) today charged with lack of ideologies that justify or frame the approaches to the violence. This is like a roadblock because of labor demands that human trafficking or child rape. From the "God is dead" Nietzsche, who had already surfaced in the "everything is permitted" Dostoevsky and Lacan reformulated "if God does not exist, nothing is permitted", the relationship of violence with morality is revealed. Ons

takes this issue on the slope of Lacanian discourse and notes that we live in an era marked by the crisis of reality, where the speeches are separated from it "to proliferate uninhabited" . This is leading to an unbridgeable gulf between what is said and what is done. For the psychoanalyst this decoupling would be the sign of our times. Consequently, we perceive a loss of legitimacy of power and what remains is an anachronistic ethic proclaims immutable value-able. There is a fall that opens the nihilism manifested in the collapse of the speculative pyramid in which systems are maintained philosophical and moral. This erosion of values \u200b\u200bwas the necessary condition, in Nietzsche, for processing and creation of new values \u200b\u200b "respect the diversity of life" . But it is also true that there is another way, inconsequential man, whose fate is to miss the loss of any foundation, sinking into an infinite nothing. It is the hollow man, the man of our time, and devoid of historical markers, only points to the collective identifications and tends to segregate and reject what does not fit in this area. In this way

identifications and collective reflection is also located on the panic that has its roots in the Freudian tradition with the psychology of the masses. In his work Freud assigns the word "panic" to the anguish of the masses orphan of that driver who represented the ideal of T ideal linking individuals together. To Ons, this anticipation is found the crux of the issue: panic in front of the imminence of danger is given to the disappearance of what seemed to dampen it. The social, governing and contains the individual, crumbles, and the fall of common ideals produces a state of fragmentation and homelessness. Our age presents the confluence of the loss authority and the absence of ideological constructs capable of directing the subjects.

Paul Virilio, a book entitled precisely "Panic City" (Thrush Books, 2006), considers that, at present, attacks and accidents substitute for war in production of a permanent state of alert would be matrix panic in the cities. For him, the realization of an enemy is not clear and convincing as the opponents of a war and lost the political nature of what was considered a city are the elements that lead to a state of fear and anxiety. The city, was once the heart of our civilization, has become the heart of the failure of humanity.

So on one hand, broken borders, globalization, globalization in the establishment of a capitalism that regulates unequal exchanges, on the other, voluntary closures and detentions to the perception of external threats, and elsewhere, the emergence of tensions resolved in the terms of the violent and expand upon the dissolution of the difference between public and private. The effort to give them a sense even when it appears fragmentary and fleeting, realizes the need to locate, define and understand this aspect increasingly least exceptional modern life.


You can make your comments here. If you read these authors write your opinion. If you want to recommend texts on violence, we could use them all.